Review: The article is devoted to the philosophical analysis of the archetypes of Russian culture. The author focuses on the archetypes of Hero and anti-Hero in their various guises. The texts of folk fairy tales is used as the primary source for analysis of the archetypes. The archetype of the Hero is regarded by the author out of the gender bind, as a symbol of spiritual growth and self-realization in a particular ethno-cultural tradition. Special attention is paid to the archetype of the Shadow, symbolically embodied in the images of fabulous anti-Heroes, as an essential element of integrity of national identity. The article is based on the methodology of analytical psychology, semantic and genetic analysis of myths and fairy tales of folk culture and methodological principles of philosophical comparative studies.Based on the study of the archetype of the Hero in the Russian tradition the author comes to the conclusion about the influence of archetypal stories of national culture on the processes of self-realization and spiritual development. The article shows considerable heuristic potential of the analysis of the plots of folk fairy tales to identify the archetypes of the national culture.

Keywords: symbol, spiritual development, fairy tale, myth, Carl Jung, culture, archetype, hero, Aurobindo Ghosh, philosophical comparative studies

Review:  This article is dedicated to examination of notions of "marginal", "marginality" and "marginal culture". The object of research is the socio-cultural space of a modern city. The author attempts to indicate the boundaries between the aforementioned notions, as well as determine their common features and specificity. The article reviews the causes led to emergence of the phenomenon of marginality, interrelation of marginal culture with the dominant culture alongside the phenomena of subculture and counterculture. At the same time, the author holds to an extensive view upon marginal personality that combines features inherent to various cultures. The work implies the method of “ideal types”, method of typology of cultures, as well as dialectical method, which suggested considering culture as a developing, internally contradictory, and multifaceted phenomenon. The scientific novelty consists in determination of the specific features common to marginal culture. As a result of the research, the author concludes that the concepts of "marginality", "marginal" and "marginal culture" are basically borderline and dualistic. Marginality is understood as a state of individuals who ended up in a limbo between two cultures combining their elements. They become the carriers of marginal culture, which also holds a place "at the outskirts" of dominant culture.

Keywords: subculture, minority culture, dominant culture, urban culture, marginal culture, marginal personality, marginality, counterculture, conflict, borderline